What Does 2 Samuel 17:21 Mean in the King James?
And it came to pass, after they were departed, that they came up out of the well, and went and told king David, and said unto David, Arise, and pass quickly over the water: for thus hath Ahithophel counselled against you.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The warning rises out of concealment, then tells David to rise and cross before the threat can reach him.
THE MEANING
The warning comes out of hiding and reaches you when movement is urgent. Seeing danger is not yet safety; the message points beyond its reach.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
This undoes the belief that awareness alone protects you: once danger is exposed, remaining in its path is still peril.
THE ROOT
עֲבֹר
ʿăvōr
GROWS FROM
עבר
ʿāvar
to pass over, cross, or go beyond
English can make “pass over” sound like a simple change of location, but the Hebrew root holds the crossing itself: one side gives way to another. Here the command names the movement that carries David beyond the reach of the threat.
ALSO GROWS
ʿēver: the far side, or what lies beyond
עֵבֶר
The far side is built into the root’s sense of crossing; David is urged toward what lies beyond the danger.
maʿăvār: a crossing or passage
מַעֲבָר
This branch makes the crossing a passage through, not merely an instruction to leave.
קוּם
qûm
GROWS FROM
קום
qûm
to rise, stand, or be established
“arise” in this verse is qûm. The command is physical: stand up, then cross. Paired with the verb of crossing, it turns the warning into a sequence of movement rather than a thought to hold.
ALSO GROWS
māqôm: a place or standing place
מָקוֹם
A place is where one stands; the command to rise begins by changing where David is positioned.
hēqîm: to raise or establish
הֵקִים
This causative branch echoes the movement from being down to being raised, which opens the way for the crossing.
יָעַץ
yāʿaṣ
GROWS FROM
יעץ
yāʿaṣ
to advise, counsel, or deliberate
“counselled” in this verse is yāʿaṣ. The danger is already taking shape as directed counsel. The root makes clear that what David must escape is a plan formed against him, even before it reaches him as an attack.
ALSO GROWS
ʿēṣāh: counsel, advice, or a plan
עֵצָה
This noun shows the strategic shape of the threat David is warned about.
yōʿēṣ: a counselor or adviser
יוֹעֵץ
The root links the plan to the one giving counsel, exposing how advice can carry danger.
THE PATTERN
When danger is exposed, wisdom moves the threatened person out of its reach.
A prudent man foreseeth the evil, and hideth himself: but the simple pass on, and are punished.Then let them which be in Judaea flee into the mountains:Flee also youthful lusts: but follow righteousness, faith, charity, peace, with them that call on the Lord out of a pure heart.THE THREAD
And all the country wept with a loud voice, and all the people passed over: the king also himself passed over the brook Kidron, and all the people passed over, toward the way of the wilderness.The same root, עָבַר (ʿāvar, to cross), marks David crossing the Kidron here. Its return in the warning makes crossing a hinge in the passage: it carries him beyond the reach of danger.
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