What Does Amos 6:12 Mean in the King James?
Shall horses run upon the rock? will one plow there with oxen? for ye have turned judgment into gall, and the fruit of righteousness into hemlock:
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The Hebrew “turned” shows injustice as an inversion of purpose: what should judge rightly and yield good fruit is made poisonous.
THE MEANING
This verse names a contradiction: judgment that should discern and protect is turned into gall, while the fruit of righteousness becomes hemlock. Its impossible images of horses on rock and oxen plowing there show an order working against the purpose it is meant to serve.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
It undoes the belief that justice remains just simply because it is still called judgment; its fruit reveals what it has become.
THE ROOT
הֲפַכְתֶּם
haphakhtem
GROWS FROM
הפך
h-p-k
to turn over, overturn, or transform
The Hebrew verb makes the corruption an inversion: judgment is turned into poison, not merely weakened or neglected. This root also forms a word for overthrow, so the image reaches beyond a bad result to an order flipped against its own purpose.
ALSO GROWS
hāpak: to turn or overturn
הָפַךְ
This is the verb’s base form; its force here is a change in what judgment produces.
mahpekhah: overthrow, upheaval
מַהְפֵּכָה
This branch shows how the same turning can describe an entire order overturned.
מִשְׁפָּט
mishpat
GROWS FROM
שפט
sh-p-t
to judge, decide, and administer justice
“judgment” in this verse is mishpat. Mishpat shares its root with the person who judges: justice is enacted through discernment and decisions. Calling it poison shows that the judging function itself has been redirected.
ALSO GROWS
shofet: judge
שֹׁפֵט
The shared root links judgment to the one making decisions, locating the corruption in the act of judging.
mishpatim: judgments, ordinances
מִשְׁפָּטִים
This plural form links judgment to the decisions that shape a community’s order.
צְדָקָה
tzedakah
GROWS FROM
צדק
ts-d-q
rightness, justice, alignment
“righteousness” in this verse is tzedakah. Tzedakah shares its root with words for rightness and the person who embodies it. Its expected fruit should carry that alignment forward, but the verse says the crop has become bitter and poisonous.
ALSO GROWS
tsedeq: rightness, justice
צֶדֶק
This branch shows the quality from which righteousness’s fruit is meant to grow.
tsaddiq: a just or righteous person
צַדִּיק
This branch carries the same root into a person; the passage’s image reaches the whole life shaped by rightness.
THE PATTERN
When justice and truth are turned against their purpose, what should nourish becomes bitter and harmful.
Ye who turn judgment to wormwood, and leave off righteousness in the earth,Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness; that put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter!Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen.THE THREAD
Ye who turn judgment to wormwood, and leave off righteousness in the earth,Both verses use the Hebrew root הָפַךְ (hāpak), meaning to turn or overturn: judgment is turned to wormwood in Amos 5:7 and to gall in Amos 6:12. The repeated root makes the poison a mark of reversal, not simply a failure to produce justice.
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