What Does Job 12:21 Mean in the King James?
He poureth contempt upon princes, and weakeneth the strength of the mighty.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The root behind “weakeneth” carries the sense of release: the mighty lose their strength as it is let go.
THE MEANING
God pours contempt onto princes and loosens the strength of the mighty; rank and force can both be brought low. The verse speaks now wherever power appears secure: it does not hold itself beyond God’s reach.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
The belief that rank or strength makes a person immune to disgrace and loss.
THE ROOT
רִפָּה
rippāh
GROWS FROM
רפה
To slacken, loosen, or let go.
Under “weakeneth” is the motion of slackening: strength is let loose from its hold. The same root can describe releasing a grip, so the verse pictures might as something that can be loosened.
ALSO GROWS
harpû: Release, let go, or cease; rendered “Be still” in Psalm 46:10.
הַרְפּוּ
The same root links the mighty person’s loosened strength here with the reader’s grip being released in the Psalm.
ʾal-teref yādeykhā: “Slack not thy hand” in Joshua 10:6; the verb shares the root רפה.
אַל־תֶּרֶף יָדֶיךָ
The image of a hand losing its hold shows how this root can describe force slackening.
שֹׁפֵךְ
shōphēkh
GROWS FROM
שפך
To pour out or spill.
“poureth” in this verse is shōphēkh. Contempt is pictured as something poured over the princes, not merely held as a private opinion. The verb also describes pouring out blood or anger, giving the disgrace in this verse the force of an act that falls upon its recipients.
ALSO GROWS
shāphakh dām: To pour out blood.
שָׁפַךְ דָּם
This concrete use shows the force carried by “poureth”: something is made to flow outward.
shāphakh ḥēmāh: To pour out anger or fury.
שָׁפַךְ חֵמָה
As with poured anger, the contempt here is an imposed force, not simply a judgment kept inside.
נְדִיבִים
nedivim
GROWS FROM
נדב
To be willing or generous; to offer freely.
The word translated “princes” also carries the sense of the noble or willing. Title and character meet in the Hebrew word, yet even those marked by nobility are not shielded from contempt.
ALSO GROWS
nādîv: Noble, generous, or willing.
נָדִיב
This branch brings the quality beneath the title into view: princely standing carries an association with nobility and willingness.
nedāvāh: A freewill offering.
נְדָבָה
The same root appears in what is freely offered, showing that its language of nobility is connected to willingness.
THE PATTERN
God overturns human rank by bringing the high low and raising the low.
The LORD maketh poor, and maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth up.He poureth contempt upon princes, and causeth them to wander in the wilderness, where there is no way.He hath put down the mighty from their seats, and exalted them of low degree.THE THREAD
Be still, and know that I am God: I will be exalted among the heathen, I will be exalted in the earth.The Hebrew רפה (raphah, slacken or release) underlies “weakeneth” here and a form of the word rendered “Be still” in the Psalm. The shared root connects the loosening of the mighty’s strength with the release of a grip.
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