What Does Job 17:4 Mean in the King James?
For thou hast hid their heart from understanding: therefore shalt thou not exalt them.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
A heart hidden from understanding cannot be raised up by God.
THE MEANING
This verse speaks with a hard edge: God can conceal a heart from discernment, and he does not raise those hearts up. Understanding is more than information here; it is bound to whether a person is elevated.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
It undoes the belief that rising in status proves God has affirmed a person’s discernment.
THE ROOT
צָפַנְתָּ
tsafanta
GROWS FROM
צפן
tsaphan
To conceal, hide, or store up out of sight.
“hid” in this verse is tsafanta. This root can describe both hiding something and laying it up in reserve. Here the phrase specifies what is concealed: their heart is kept from understanding.
ALSO GROWS
titspōn: You hide or store up.
תִּצְפֹּן
In Proverbs 2:1, wisdom’s words are hidden within; the same root can describe keeping something as a reserve.
tsafun: Hidden or concealed.
צָפוּן
This form makes the root’s image plain: what is out of sight may be withheld or kept safe, depending on the context.
מִשָּׂכֶל
miśśākhel
GROWS FROM
שכל
sakal
To understand, perceive insightfully, or act with prudence.
“understanding” in this verse is miśśākhel. This root points to discernment that shapes how someone judges and acts, not merely to possession of facts. The verse describes the heart as cut off from that capacity.
ALSO GROWS
sekel: Insight or prudence.
שֵׂכֶל
This noun names the discernment the verse says is hidden from their heart.
hiskil: To understand or act wisely.
הִשְׂכִּיל
The related verb shows understanding as something expressed in wise action, not just private knowledge.
maskil: One who understands or acts wisely; also a term for an instructive psalm.
מַשְׂכִּיל
This branch connects discernment with the ability to guide and instruct, extending what the verse means by understanding.
תְרֹמֵם
teromem
GROWS FROM
רום
rum
To rise, be high, or raise up.
“exalt” in this verse is teromem. The root carries a vertical image of being lifted into height or standing. Beside the heart’s blocked discernment, the verse says God does not raise these people up.
ALSO GROWS
ram: High or elevated.
רָם
This adjective preserves the same image of height that underlies being exalted.
marom: Height or a high place.
מָרוֹם
This related noun makes the root’s spatial sense visible: exaltation is a raising to a higher place.
THE PATTERN
Understanding is granted or withheld by God, so status cannot prove that a heart sees rightly.
Yet the LORD hath not given you an heart to perceive, and eyes to see, and ears to hear, unto this day.For the LORD giveth wisdom: out of his mouth cometh knowledge and understanding.If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him.THE THREAD
Oh how great is thy goodness, which thou hast laid up for them that fear thee; which thou hast wrought for them that trust in thee before the sons of men!The same צפן (tsaphan, hide or store up) root appears here as “laid up.” Job uses it for a heart concealed from understanding; the Psalm uses it for goodness kept in reserve. The shared verb links them through hiddenness, while the context shows whether what is hidden is withheld or kept safe.
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