What Does Judges 19:24 Mean in the King James?
Behold, here is my daughter a maiden, and his concubine; them I will bring out now, and humble ye them, and do with them what seemeth good unto you: but unto this man do not so vile a thing.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
In one breath, the speaker names sexual violence against the man as an outrage and offers two women for the same violence.
THE MEANING
The bargain protects the man by making the women available for sexual violation. “Humble” translates ענה, a verb for afflicting and, in sexual contexts, violating; “vile thing” names the act barred against him as an outrage. The sentence draws a boundary around one man while placing the women’s bodies on offer.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
The belief that protection remains honorable when another person is offered up to violence dissolves here: the bargain exposes its cost instead of making it acceptable.
THE ROOT
וְעַנּוּ
veʿannu
GROWS FROM
ענה
ʿ-n-h
To afflict, oppress, or humble; in sexual contexts, to violate. Hebrew also has a homonymous ענה meaning “answer,” which is not the sense here.
“Humble” can sound like lowering someone’s pride, but this root also names forced suffering and sexual violation. The offered “humbling” is bodily violence, while the speaker reserves the word “outrage” for what might happen to the man.
ALSO GROWS
vayʿanneha: “He violated her”
וַיְעַנֶּהָ
Genesis 34:2 uses this same verb for Shechem’s sexual violation of Dinah, making the bodily force of “humble” explicit.
ʿoni: Affliction, misery
עֳנִי
Exodus 3:7 uses this root family for the people’s affliction, showing that the word carries forced suffering, not chosen meekness.
הַנְּבָלָה
hannevalah
GROWS FROM
נבל
n-b-l
To be foolish or morally shameless; נְבָלָה names disgraceful conduct or an outrage.
“vile thing” in this verse is hannevalah. The noun calls an act a moral outrage, not merely a breach of etiquette. Here the condemnation is explicitly attached to violence against the man; Tamar’s use of the same word for violence against a woman makes that asymmetry visible.
ALSO GROWS
nabal: A fool, a morally senseless person
נָבָל
The word family treats folly as moral failure, so the proposed bargain is not neutral or harmless.
nevalah: A disgraceful act, an outrage
נְבָלָה
Tamar uses this same noun in 2 Samuel 13:12 to condemn sexual violence against a woman, exposing what “humble” can conceal.
THE PATTERN
Sexual violence is named as an outrage even where men treat women’s bodies as available for their own purposes.
Behold now, I have two daughters which have not known man; let me, I pray you, bring them out unto you, and do ye to them as is good in your eyes: only unto these men do nothing; for therefore came they under the shadow of my roof.And the sons of Jacob came out of the field when they heard it: and the men were grieved, and they were very wroth, because he had wrought folly in Israel in lying with Jacob’s daughter; which thing ought not to be done.And she answered him, Nay, my brother, do not force me; for no such thing ought to be done in Israel: do not thou this folly.THE THREAD
And she answered him, Nay, my brother, do not force me; for no such thing ought to be done in Israel: do not thou this folly.Tamar’s “force me” translates ענה, the same root as “humble” here, and her “folly” is נְבָלָה, the same outrage word. Her refusal names the violence hidden in the offer: violation, not an abstract abasement.
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