What Does Judges 9:21 Mean in the King James?
And Jotham ran away, and fled, and went to Beer, and dwelt there, for fear of Abimelech his brother.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
“For fear of” is literally “from before” Abimelech: the verse locates danger in his presence, then names Beer, a well, as the place where escape becomes dwelling.
THE MEANING
When danger comes from someone close, distance can make continued life possible even while fear remains. יוֹתָם (Yotam, “YHWH is complete”) leaves אֲבִימֶלֶךְ (Avimelekh, “my father is king”), reaches בְּאֵר (Be’er, “well”), and dwells there, the names place wholeness, kingship, water, and shelter in one scene.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
It undoes the belief that escape leaves a person only in flight: Jotham’s movement ends in a place where he dwells.
THE ROOT
וַיָּנָס
wayyānās
GROWS FROM
נוּס
nūs
To flee or escape swiftly.
“ran away” in this verse is wayyānās. The next verb, וַיִּבְרַח (wayyivraḥ, “and he fled”), comes from a different root, ברח. The paired English verbs preserve the repeated flight while hiding that Hebrew uses two distinct roots; the movement ends not in escape alone but in a place to dwell.
ALSO GROWS
mānōs: Flight, escape, or refuge.
מָנוֹס
This branch lets the idea of flight open into refuge: Jotham’s running carries him to Beer, where he can remain.
hēnīs: To drive away or put to flight.
הֵנִיס
The causative form gives the root an active force of creating distance, the movement Jotham makes from danger.
מִפְּנֵי
mippənê
GROWS FROM
פנה
panah
To turn or face; the related noun conveys face, front, or presence.
The Hebrew behind “for fear of” is spatial: “from before” or “from the presence of Abimelech.” The line locates danger in a person’s presence and makes flight a way of creating distance.
ALSO GROWS
panim: Face, front, or presence.
פָּנִים
It reveals the concrete image behind the phrase: Jotham leaves the face or presence of his brother.
lifnei: Before or in the presence of.
לִפְנֵי
This common form makes clear that the phrase describes where Jotham is in relation to Abimelech, not only what he feels.
וַיֵּשֶׁב
wayyēshev
GROWS FROM
ישב
yāshav
To sit, stay, or dwell.
“dwelt” in this verse is wayyēshev. The Hebrew moves from two verbs of flight to a verb that holds sitting, staying, and inhabiting together. Jotham does not merely reach Beer; he settles there, turning escape into a place to live.
ALSO GROWS
yōshēv: One who sits or dwells; an inhabitant.
יֹשֵׁב
The branch names the settled state Jotham reaches after fleeing.
mōshāv: A seat or dwelling place.
מוֹשָׁב
It carries the root from the act of settling to the place where someone can remain.
THE PATTERN
Moving away from a threat can be the first movement toward a place where life continues.
Now therefore, my son, obey my voice; and arise, flee thou to Laban my brother to Haran;I cried unto thee, O LORD: I said, Thou art my refuge and my portion in the land of the living.And when they were departed, behold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou there until I bring thee word: for Herod will seek the young child to destroy him.THE THREAD
And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden.The same מִפְּנֵי (mippənê, “from before/from the presence of”) appears here as “from the presence.” That shared phrase makes Jotham’s flight spatial: he moves out of his brother’s presence, and the verse measures that distance by the place where he dwells.
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