What Does Lamentations 5:5 Mean in the King James?
Our necks are under persecution: we labour, and have no rest.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The Hebrew verb behind “persecution” is also the verb David uses for goodness and faithful love “following” him: both are forms of pursuit.
THE MEANING
The verse names a present condition: pressure sits on your neck, you are pursued, you toil, and no place to settle opens. The work continues inside the chase; there is no rest within it.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
It undoes the belief that nonstop labor under pressure is simply ordinary effort: the verse names an active pursuit and its result, rest withheld.
THE ROOT
נִרְדַּפְנוּ
nirdafnu
GROWS FROM
רדף
to pursue, chase after
“persecution / pursued” in this verse is nirdafnu. The Hebrew form נִרְדַּפְנוּ (nirdafnu, “we are pursued”) gives “persecution” a live motion: someone or something keeps coming after the speaker. This same root describes goodness and faithful love pursuing a person in Psalm 23:6, so the English words “persecuted” and “follow” conceal both the shared force and the difference in what pursues.
ALSO GROWS
rodef: a pursuer; one who pursues
רֹדֵף
This branch makes the force explicit: the speaker is on the receiving end of an active chase.
yirdəfuni: they pursue me, rendered “shall follow me” in Psalm 23:6
יִרְדְּפוּנִי
The same root can name faithful pursuit, showing that the word translated “follow” carries the same chasing force as “pursued” here.
הוּנַח
hunach
GROWS FROM
נוח
to settle, come to rest; in a causative form, to let rest or settle
The line’s “no rest” comes from a root for settling. Its passive form makes the lack feel imposed: no settling is granted, so the labor has no place to land.
ALSO GROWS
menuchah: rest; a resting place
מְנוּחָה
This branch shows that rest can mean a place or condition of settling, not only a pause in activity.
hēnîaḥ: to let rest, set down, or cause to settle
הֵנִיחַ
Isaiah 14:3 uses this form when the LORD gives rest from sorrow, fear, and hard bondage; here that settling is absent.
THE PATTERN
Where toil and pressure have denied rest, scripture names rest as a place of settling and release.
And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat.And it shall come to pass in the day that the LORD shall give thee rest from thy sorrow, and from thy fear, and from the hard bondage wherein thou wast made to serve,Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.THE THREAD
Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life: and I will dwell in the house of the LORD for ever.Psalm 23:6 uses יִרְדְּפוּנִי (yirdəfuni, “they pursue me”), from רדף (radaph, “to pursue”), the same root as Lamentations 5:5; the KJV renders it “follow” when goodness and mercy are the pursuers. The shared root lets the same chase carry opposite force: here it bears down on the neck and withholds rest, while there goodness and faithful love pursue the speaker.
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