What Does Luke 7:39 Mean in the King James?
Now when the Pharisee which had bidden him saw it, he spake within himself, saying, This man, if he were a prophet, would have known who and what manner of woman this is that toucheth him: for she is a sinner.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The Pharisee’s test of Jesus exposes his own mistake: he treats a label as knowledge of a person.
THE MEANING
When a visible act triggers an instant label, certainty can masquerade as knowledge. Here the Pharisee sees a woman touching Jesus and reduces her to the judgment attached to her. The verse speaks now to the gap between naming a person’s failure and knowing that person.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
The lie it dissolves is that naming someone’s failure means you know the whole person.
THE ROOT
ἐγίνωσκεν
eginōsken
GROWS FROM
γινώσκω
ginōskō
To know, recognize, or perceive; knowing through encounter.
“would have known” in this verse is eginōsken. English “know” can sound like having the right facts, but this verb can carry recognition through encounter. The irony is sharp: the Pharisee imagines he knows her from what he sees, while his certainty reveals how little of her he perceives.
ALSO GROWS
ginōskō: To know or recognize.
γινώσκω
This is the verb behind the form in the verse: the Pharisee claims knowledge of her identity based on his reading of her.
epiginōskō: To recognize or come to know.
ἐπιγινώσκω
This related form makes recognition personal: knowing someone is more than attaching a category to what you observe.
ἁμαρτωλός
hamartōlos
GROWS FROM
ἁμαρτάνω
hamartanō
To miss, fail, or miss the mark.
“sinner” in this verse is hamartōlos. The English noun can sound like a fixed identity, while its root keeps the image of missing or going off course. The Pharisee turns that description into the whole of her, as if naming the failure means knowing the person.
ALSO GROWS
hamartanō: To miss or fail.
ἁμαρτάνω
The verb keeps the label connected to missing, rather than making it an exhaustive account of her nature.
hamartia: A missing or failure.
ἁμαρτία
This related noun preserves the idea beneath the label and shows how a particular failure can be mistaken for a whole identity.
ἅπτεται
haptetai
GROWS FROM
ἅπτω
haptō
To touch, fasten, or make contact.
“toucheth” in this verse is haptetai. The contact is not incidental: the Pharisee reads her touch as a stain that should identify Jesus. The same word family carries the sense of fastening or connection, opening the scene to a different reading of her nearness.
ALSO GROWS
haptomai: To touch or lay hold of.
ἅπτομαι
This is the verb form used here: her contact with Jesus is direct and bodily, while the Pharisee turns that contact into a verdict.
haphē: A joint or point of connection.
ἁφή
The family extends from touch toward connection, a meaning the Pharisee’s reading of her contact leaves unseen.
THE PATTERN
What is visible about a person never amounts to complete knowledge of them.
But the LORD said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the Lord seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart.Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous judgment.For now we see through a glass, darkly; but then face to face: now I know in part; but then shall I know even as also I am known.THE THREAD
I am the good shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of mine.The Greek verb translated “know” here comes from the same γινώσκω (ginōskō) root as the Pharisee’s “would have known.” The contrast is striking: the shepherd’s knowing is mutual recognition, while the Pharisee’s supposed knowledge collapses the woman into a label.
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