What Does Mark 2:18 Mean in the King James?
And the disciples of John and of the Pharisees used to fast: and they come and say unto him, Why do the disciples of John and of the Pharisees fast, but thy disciples fast not?
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The word translated “disciples” means learners, so the verse asks whether every learner must express devotion in the same way.
THE MEANING
You see two groups of learners marked by different practices: some fast, while Jesus’ learners do not. The question gives voice to the assumption that shared devotion must have one outward form. The contrast remains open here; the bridegroom image in the next verse reveals how presence changes the season.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
A different outward practice does not, by itself, mean one group is less devoted; discipleship is not a single visible rhythm.
THE ROOT
μαθητής
mathētēs
GROWS FROM
μανθ-
manth-
To learn.
“disciples” in this verse is mathētēs. μαθητής (mathētēs, learner) belongs to μανθάνω (manthanō, learn), so “disciple” names a relationship to learning before it names a group identity. The learners share a name, yet their visible practice differs; the word does not make one group’s rhythm the measure of the other.
ALSO GROWS
manthanō: To learn.
μανθάνω
This verb lies behind the word for disciple, drawing attention to the learning relationship beneath the group label.
mathēma: A lesson or subject of learning.
μάθημα
The same word family reaches from the learner to what is learned; the verse’s question concerns how the learners’ different practices are understood.
νηστεύω
nēsteuō
GROWS FROM
νηστ-
nēst-
Abstaining from food; not eating.
“fast” in this verse is nēsteuō. The Greek word family traces fasting to not eating, making the contrast concrete: the issue is a withheld meal, not a vague measure of spirituality. The verse places that visible practice beside the shared identity of “learners,” showing that the practice alone does not define the relationship.
ALSO GROWS
nēsteia: Fasting or abstention from food.
νηστεία
This noun names the practice at the center of the question, linking the verb to fasting as an ongoing discipline.
nēstis: One who is fasting; one who is not eating.
νηστίς
This related word makes the bodily abstention explicit beneath the English shorthand “fast.”
THE PATTERN
Fasting and mourning belong to a season; presence or restoration can turn that season toward joy.
Thus saith the LORD of hosts; The fast of the fourth month, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth, shall be to the house of Judah joy and gladness, and cheerful feasts; therefore love the truth and peace.A time to weep, and a time to laugh; a time to mourn, and a time to dance;And Jesus said unto them, Can the children of the bridechamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom is with them? but the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken from them, and then shall they fast.THE THREAD
And Jesus said unto them, Can the children of the bridechamber fast, while the bridegroom is with them? as long as they have the bridegroom with them, they cannot fast.Mark 2:19 repeats νηστεύω (nēsteuō, to fast), answering the question with the bridegroom’s presence. The same practice changes meaning with the relationship and the season.
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