What Does Nehemiah 9:16 Mean in the King James?
But they and our fathers dealt proudly, and hardened their necks, and hearkened not to thy commandments,
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
Pride stiffens the neck until hearing a command no longer becomes response.
THE MEANING
This names a sequence alive in the reader now: pride hardens the posture, and the hardened posture blocks hearing from becoming response. The words can reach the ears while the self remains closed to their claim. Refusing to hear is not an absence of sound; it is a refusal of what the sound asks.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
The false belief is that hearing means receiving. Here, a person can hear the command as sound and still refuse it through a posture already set.
THE ROOT
וַיַּקְשׁוּ
wayyaqshu
GROWS FROM
קשה
qashah
Be hard or severe; make hard.
“hardened” in this verse is wayyaqshu. The verb shows them hardening their own necks. The next phrase links that posture to not hearing, revealing hardness as a fixed resistance that blocks response.
ALSO GROWS
qasheh: Hard, severe, or stiff.
קָשֶׁה
This adjective gives the verse’s hardened posture its lasting quality.
hiqshah: Make hard or stubborn.
הִקְשָׁה
This causative form echoes the verse’s active picture of making the neck hard.
שָׁמְעוּ
shame'u
GROWS FROM
שמע
shama
Hear or listen; where response is implied, hear and respond.
“hearkened” in this verse is shame'u. The verse does not describe a failure of sound to reach the ear. In the language of command and covenant, hearing carries response with it, so refusing to hearken is refusing what has been heard.
ALSO GROWS
shema: Hear and respond.
שְׁמַע
This familiar command holds hearing and response together, exposing what the refusal in this verse breaks apart.
shemuah: A report or something heard.
שְׁמוּעָה
This branch shows hearing as receiving a message, while the verse names the refusal to answer that message.
הֵזִידוּ
hezidu
GROWS FROM
זוד
zud
Boil or seethe; act presumptuously.
“dealt proudly” in this verse is hezidu. The root also names boiling, giving the pride in this line a shade of heated excess. That overreach is followed by the stiff neck and the refusal to hear.
ALSO GROWS
nazid: A boiled dish or stew.
נָזִיד
This branch preserves the root’s concrete sense of boiling beneath its sense of presumption.
zed: A presumptuous or arrogant person.
זֵד
This branch names the self-exalting posture the verse places at the start of its sequence.
THE PATTERN
A hardened, self-fixed posture makes hearing a command fail to become response.
And the LORD said unto Moses, I have seen this people, and, behold, it is a stiffnecked people:Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no more stiffnecked.Ye stiffnecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye.THE THREAD
Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no more stiffnecked.The same root behind the hardened neck appears in “stiffnecked.” Deuteronomy sets that image beside removing a covering from the heart, opening the possibility that resistance is an obstruction that can be uncovered.
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