What Does Numbers 21:18 Mean in the King James?
The princes digged the well, the nobles of the people digged it, by the direction of the lawgiver, with their staves. And from the wilderness they went to Mattanah:
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The Hebrew uses two different verbs for digging the well, then names the next stop Mattanah (מַתָּנָה, mattanah; “Gift”): what human hands uncover sits within a movement of giving.
THE MEANING
Hidden provision becomes accessible through shared digging under direction. The wilderness opens into movement toward a place named Gift. Human labor and received provision occupy the same scene.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
It undoes the assumption that a gift must arrive without human participation: here, people dig the well, and the journey proceeds toward a place named Gift.
THE ROOT
חֲפָרוּהָ
chafaruhu
GROWS FROM
חפר
ḥ-p-r
To dig or excavate.
The first “digged” uses חפר (chaphar), while the next uses כרה (karah), a second root; English makes them sound like one repeated verb. The paired words intensify the act of opening the well, giving it two lexical angles.
ALSO GROWS
chaphar: To dig or excavate.
חָפַר
This is the verb used for the princes’ work on the well.
chopher: One who digs; a digger.
חֹפֵר
The same root names the people doing the work as well as the act itself.
כָרוּהָ
karuhu
GROWS FROM
כרה
k-r-h
To dig or excavate.
“digged it” in this verse is karuhu. The second “digged” changes the root to כרה (karah), so the parallel line names excavation with a distinct word rather than simply echoing the first. The well’s opening is sounded twice in different Hebrew terms.
ALSO GROWS
karah: To dig or excavate.
כָּרָה
This is the second verb for opening the well.
koreh: One who digs; a digger.
כּוֹרֶה
This form carries the root into the person performing the excavation.
מַתָּנָה
mattanah
GROWS FROM
נתן
n-t-n
To give, set, or place.
“Mattanah” in this verse is mattanah. The destination’s name grows from נתן (natan), the root of giving, so the line carries movement from wilderness into gift. It holds the people’s digging and the language of receiving in the same scene.
ALSO GROWS
natan: To give, set, or place.
נָתַן
The destination’s name carries the root sense of giving.
mattan: A gift or present.
מַתָּן
This related noun makes the meaning within Mattanah visible.
THE PATTERN
Life-giving water becomes accessible when what is hidden is opened, drawn out, or given.
And Isaac’s servants digged in the valley, and found there a well of springing water.Therefore with joy shall ye draw water out of the wells of salvation.But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life.THE THREAD
And Isaac’s servants digged in the valley, and found there a well of springing water.Genesis uses חפר (chaphar, “to dig”), the same root as the first digging verb here. In both verses, digging opens access to water hidden beneath the ground.
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