What Does Numbers 32:21 Mean in the King James?
And will go all of you armed over Jordan before the LORD, until he hath driven out his enemies from before him,
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The Hebrew root for “drive out” is also the root for “inherit”: here, one people’s taking possession is another people’s dispossession.
THE MEANING
The verse makes the cost of the crossing explicit: armed movement continues until the LORD’s enemies are driven from before him. Arrival alone is not the endpoint; the sentence names the removal of those enemies, and leaves the violence in full view.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
It undoes the assumption that this crossing is simply peaceful passage: it is armed, and its endpoint is the expulsion of enemies.
THE ROOT
הוֹרִישׁוֹ
hôrîšô
GROWS FROM
ירש
y-r-sh
Take possession or inherit; in a causative form, dispossess or drive out.
“driven out” in this verse is hôrîšô. The root that can say “inherit” can also say “dispossess”; Hebrew does not separate receiving and expelling into unrelated word families. Here, the same root gives the crossing its hard edge: what is gained is named through who is driven away.
ALSO GROWS
yāraš: Inherit, take possession.
יָרַשׁ
This is the receiving side of the root used here in its causative form.
hôrîš: Dispossess, drive out.
הוֹרִישׁ
This is the form in the verse, making another’s removal part of the taking of possession.
לִפְנֵי
lifnê
GROWS FROM
פנה
p-n-h
Turn toward, face.
The verse repeats its face-and-presence language: the armed host crosses before the LORD and continues until enemies are removed from before him. English retains “before” twice, while the Hebrew places the LORD’s presence around both the crossing and the expulsion.
ALSO GROWS
pānîm: Face, presence.
פָּנִים
This face-word underlies the repeated language of being before someone.
mippānāw: From before him, from his presence.
מִפָּנָיו
This is the verse’s closing phrase, echoing the earlier “before the LORD.”
THE PATTERN
In this passage’s root logic, possession and dispossession are two sides of one transfer.
And he said unto him, I am the LORD that brought thee out of Ur of the Chaldees, to give thee this land to inherit it.Speak not thou in thine heart, after that the LORD thy God hath cast them out from before thee, saying, For my righteousness the LORD hath brought me in to possess this land: but for the wickedness of these nations the LORD doth drive them out from before thee.Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.THE THREAD
And he said unto him, I am the LORD that brought thee out of Ur of the Chaldees, to give thee this land to inherit it.The Hebrew behind “inherit” belongs to the same root as “driven out” in Numbers 32:21. These verses hold both sides of the transfer together: land is named as inheritance, while its occupants are named as those to be dispossessed.
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