What Does Proverbs 12:20 Mean in the King James?
Deceit is in the heart of them that imagine evil: but to the counsellors of peace is joy.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The word translated “imagine” also means to plow or devise: harmful intent is cultivated in the heart, while counsel for wholeness bears joy.
THE MEANING
When you cultivate harmful plans, deceit is already at work in your heart; it is not only waiting at the outcome. When your counsel moves toward wholeness, joy is present there. The verse shows the fruit of each inward direction as it forms now.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
The idea that plotting harm is harmless as long as it stays in thought: this verse places deceit inside that very intention, while joy belongs with counsel toward wholeness.
THE ROOT
חֹרְשֵׁי
ḥōrĕšê
GROWS FROM
חרש
To plow, scratch, or engrave; figuratively, to devise or plot.
“imagine evil” in this verse is ḥōrĕšê. The word for imagining evil comes from a root also used for plowing: this is intent worked over and cultivated, not merely a passing thought. The verse places that work inside the heart, where deceit is already present.
ALSO GROWS
ḥāraš: To till or plow soil.
חָרַשׁ
This concrete sense gives the verse’s word for devising the image of intent being worked and cultivated.
ḥāraš: To plan or plot.
חָרַשׁ
This is the sense used here: the heart is shaping an intention, not merely noticing a thought.
שָׁלוֹם
shālōm
GROWS FROM
שלם
To be complete, whole, or sound.
“peace” in this verse is shālōm. The counselors are oriented toward wholeness, not merely quiet. Joy belongs with counsel that moves toward what is whole and sound.
ALSO GROWS
shālēm: Complete, sound, or intact.
שָׁלֵם
It makes the quality of this counsel clearer: it seeks wholeness in what is being considered.
shillēm: To repay, restore, or make recompense.
שִׁלֵּם
This branch carries the sense of making something whole again, illuminating the restorative direction of counsel for shalom.
מִרְמָה
mirmāh
GROWS FROM
רמה
To deceive or act treacherously.
Deceit is not only an outcome that may follow a harmful plan; the verse locates it already in the heart that devises harm. A related word can describe treachery or slackness, showing deception as a way of acting, not just a single false statement.
ALSO GROWS
rāmāh: To deceive or deal treacherously.
רָמָה
The verb behind the noun shows deceit as an active way of dealing with others.
remiyyāh: Deceit, treachery, or slackness.
רְמִיָּה
This related noun echoes the verse’s picture of deception as something already established within the harmful intention.
THE PATTERN
The counsel a person cultivates bears its own fruit: schemes of harm carry deceit, while counsel shaped by wholeness bears joy.
Do they not err that devise evil? but mercy and truth shall be to them that devise good.Be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap.And the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace of them that make peace.THE THREAD
Frowardness is in his heart, he deviseth mischief continually; he soweth discord.The word rendered “deviseth” comes from חָרַשׁ (ḥ-r-sh), the same root behind “imagine” here. Proverbs 6:14 makes the cultivation visible: the heart keeps working mischief until it spills into discord.
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