What Does Proverbs 14:10 Mean in the King James?
The heart knoweth his own bitterness; and a stranger doth not intermeddle with his joy.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
The verse draws a line between seeing another’s feelings and sharing the inward place from which they are known.
THE MEANING
Your heart knows the bitterness that belongs to your own living soul; someone else can notice it without knowing it from within. Your joy, too, has an inward place a stranger cannot simply mingle into.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
It undoes the assumption that seeing someone’s pain or joy means you have fully entered what they feel.
THE ROOT
יוֹדֵעַ
yodeaʿ
GROWS FROM
ידע
y-d-ʿ
To know, recognize, or become acquainted with.
“knoweth” in this verse is yodeaʿ. This knowing is more than an outsider’s report; it can name recognition and personal acquaintance. The verse places that knowing within the person whose bitterness it is, while the stranger remains outside the joy.
ALSO GROWS
môdaʿ: Acquaintance; kinsman.
מוֹדָע
A person known through relationship shows how knowing can involve personal familiarity.
hôdîaʿ: To make known; to inform.
הוֹדִיעַ
This branch shows the movement from what is known inwardly to what can be made known to another.
deʿah: Knowledge; understanding.
דֵּעָה
The heart’s knowing belongs to a wider root family of recognition and understanding.
מָרַת
marat
GROWS FROM
מרר
m-r-r
To be bitter or embittered.
The bitterness belongs to the inward life that bears it; it is not merely an observable fact. The same root names bitter herbs, giving the image a bodily, tasted quality.
ALSO GROWS
mar: Bitter.
מָר
The adjective gives the taste-quality carried by the heart’s inward bitterness.
merorim: Bitter herbs.
מְרֹרִים
This branch makes bitterness something experienced from within, not simply described from outside.
יִתְעָרַב
yitʿarev
GROWS FROM
ערב
ʿ-r-b
To mix or mingle.
“intermeddle” in this verse is yitʿarev. The verb pictures more than a stranger lacking information: it pictures no mingling into another’s joy. The verse distinguishes witnessing joy from entering it as an inward participant.
ALSO GROWS
ʿerev: Mixed company; a mixed multitude.
עֵרֶב
This branch shows the root’s sense of things mingled together, the very image denied of the stranger and the heart’s joy.
mitʿarev: Mingling; getting involved.
מִתְעָרֵב
This form makes the verse’s boundary vivid: the stranger does not mingle into the joy.
THE PATTERN
The deepest sorrow and joy are known from within and cannot be fully entered by another through observation alone.
And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore.And ye now therefore have sorrow: but I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and your joy no man taketh from you.THE THREAD
And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore.The Hebrew expression מָרַת נַפְשׁוֹ (marat nafsho, “the bitterness of his living soul”) in Proverbs closely matches מָרַת נָפֶשׁ (marat nefesh, “bitterness of soul”) in Hannah’s verse. The shared wording ties the heart’s private knowledge to the living soul that bears the bitterness.
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