What Does Psalm 71:13 Mean in the King James?
Let them be confounded and consumed that are adversaries to my soul; let them be covered with reproach and dishonour that seek my hurt.
The analysis reads the King James wording.
King James Version The King James Version, first published in 1611. Selah Verse shows the standard text.
THE KEY
Those who seek harm are pictured wrapping themselves in reproach, until shame becomes their own covering.
THE MEANING
This prayer names the attack on your living soul plainly: adversaries seek your harm. It asks for their opposition to end and for reproach and dishonour to clothe those who pursue it.
WHAT THIS UNDOES
It undoes the belief that the person targeted by hostility must carry the shame: the prayer places that covering on those who seek harm.
THE ROOT
יַעֲטוּ
yaʿaṭū
GROWS FROM
עטה
To wrap, cover, or put on; the root carries an image of clothing.
The Hebrew form pictures the attackers putting on reproach and dishonour. This gives the KJV’s “be covered” a concrete clothing image: disgrace becomes their own covering.
ALSO GROWS
ʿāṭāh: To wrap, cover, or put on
עָטָה
This is the root’s basic action; it makes the verse’s image of being covered with reproach tangible.
ʿōṭeh: One who covers or clothes himself
עֹטֶה
Psalm 104:2 uses this form for covering oneself with light as with a garment; here the garment is reproach.
שֹׂטְנֵי
śōṭənê
GROWS FROM
שׂטן
To oppose or act as an adversary; the root also carries the sense of accusation.
“adversaries” in this verse is śōṭənê. The word names a posture of opposition toward the speaker’s living soul. Its related forms connect adversary with accusation, adding an edge of hostility to the pursuit of harm.
ALSO GROWS
śāṭān: An adversary or opponent
שָׂטָן
This is the noun form of the same root, naming one who stands in opposition.
śiṭnāh: Opposition or accusation
שִׂטְנָה
Ezra 4:6 uses this related form for an accusation against Judah and Jerusalem, showing how opposition can take the shape of an accusation.
נַפְשִׁי
nafshi
GROWS FROM
נפש
Living soul, life, or person; a related verb means to be refreshed.
Nefesh holds living soul, life, and personhood together: the verse names opposition against the whole living self. A related verb can mean “be refreshed,” bringing the threatened life and renewal into one root family.
ALSO GROWS
nephesh: Living soul, life, or person
נֶפֶשׁ
This is the noun at the heart of “my soul,” naming the living self that the adversaries oppose.
vayinnāfēsh: Was refreshed or took rest
וַיִּנָּפֵשׁ
Exodus 23:12 uses this related verb for being refreshed, showing another branch of the root’s language of living vitality.
THE PATTERN
Scripture turns hostile pursuit toward its own end: those seeking harm become covered with shame, and their attack is brought to an end.
Let them be confounded and put to shame that seek after my soul: let them be turned back and brought to confusion that devise my hurt.They that hate thee shall be clothed with shame; and the dwelling place of the wicked shall come to nought.Having a good conscience; that, whereas they speak evil of you, as of evildoers, they may be ashamed that falsely accuse your good conversation in Christ.THE THREAD
And God’s anger was kindled because he went: and the angel of the LORD stood in the way for an adversary against him. Now he was riding upon his ass, and his two servants were with him.Both passages use the root שׂטן for an adversary, and Numbers uses it for the LORD’s messenger standing against Balaam. The root names a position of opposition; here, that position is directed against the speaker’s living soul.
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